Environmental Sustainability of Lighter Fluids†
Edit Cséfalvay, Viktória Kovács
TL;DR
This study compares fossil-based and biomass-based lighter fluids to find renewable alternatives with better environmental sustainability.
Contribution
The study identifies γ-valerolactone as a promising renewable alternative to fossil-based lighter fluids.
Findings
γ-Valerolactone scored highest in a multicriteria evaluation for replacing fossil-based lighter fluids.
Biomass-based chemicals like γ-valerolactone and ethyl-levulinate showed favorable physicochemical and toxicological properties.
Further practical testing is needed to confirm γ-valerolactone's viability for commercial use.
Abstract
Lighter fluids are consumer products used only at a low-volume scale, representing a realizable goal of fossil fuel replacement by renewables. Physicochemical properties of four fossil-based conventional lighter fluids (Ronsonol, Zippo, Landmann, and Terracotta) and six selected biomass-based chemicals (γ-valerolactone, ethyl-levulinate, ethanol, n-butanol, γ-valerolactone 90% v/v and ethanol 10% v/v, and ethyl-levulinate 90% v/v and ethanol 10% v/v mixtures) as potential biomass-based lighter fluids were assessed. Assessments were carried out in terms of safety, toxicological, and environmental viewpoints, represented by a flash point, boiling point, vapor pressure values, and evaporation rates; oral toxicity measured on rats; and real ethanol equivalent values, respectively. Parameters were collected where available; in the absence of literature data, they were calculated or measured…
Genes, proteins, chemicals, diseases, species, mutations and cell lines named across the full text — each resolved to its canonical identifier and authoritative record.
Click any figure to enlarge with its caption.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12Peer Reviews
No public reviews on file for this paper yet. If you reviewed it on a platform where reviews are public (OpenReview, ICLR, NeurIPS, ICML), you can paste yours below so the community can read it here.
Videos
No videos yet. Explain this paper in a talk, walkthrough, or lecture? Add one.
Taxonomy
TopicsMicrobial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction · Catalysis for Biomass Conversion · Process Optimization and Integration