# Characteristics and trends of pediatric firepit burns: insights for prevention and safety

## TL;DR

This study analyzes pediatric fire pit burn injuries to highlight common causes and trends, aiming to improve safety measures and prevent future injuries.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the characteristics and prevention of pediatric fire pit burns through a detailed retrospective analysis.

## Key findings

- Most burns occurred in children under 21 years, with a median age of 62 months and 70.2% being male.
- Ashes/hot coals and flames were the leading causes, with burns often resulting from falling into fire pits or playing nearby.
- August through October saw the highest number of burns, with a rising trend from 2016 to 2020.

## Abstract

As fire pits grow in popularity, so do the associated burn injuries. Our study examines pediatric fire pit burns characteristics to raise awareness and promote safety precautions.

We conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients (≤21 years) with firepit burns at a tertiary care hospital from 2016 to 2021.

Eighty-four patients were identified, of whom 70.2% were male, with a median age of 62 months. The median percent total body surface area burned was 2% (interquartile range (IQR)=1–4). Thirty-five (41.7%) patients were admitted and 7 (8.3%) underwent grafting. Neck and trunk burns had the highest grafting rates (66% and 33%, respectively). The hands (41.7%) and the lower extremities (27.4%) were the most frequently burned body areas. The leading causes of burns were ashes/hot coals (34.5%), flames (31.0%), and direct contact (25.0%), often resulting from falling into the fire (59.5%) or running or playing in activities near it (26.2%). Thirty-five (41.7%) were admitted for inpatient management, while 49 (58.3%) were treated as outpatient. Eleven (13.2%) underwent at least one reconstructive surgery, 7 (8.4%) had at least one rehabilitation visit, and 65 (77.4%) had follow-up clinic visits. The median length of stay was 2 days (IQR=1.0–3.5). The peak months for burns were from August through October (n=40, 46.0%), with an increase observed from 10 cases in 2016 to 20 cases in 2020.

Given the significant proportion of firepit burns resulting from unsafe fire behaviors, it is crucial that caretakers are aware of proper firepit safety precautions.

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