Effects of the Wall Temperature on Rarefied Gas Flows and Heat Transfer in a Micro-Nozzle
Shurui Zhang, Yong Li, Xudong Wang, Songcai Lu, Yusong Yu, Jun Yang
TL;DR
This paper studies how wall temperature affects gas flow and heat transfer in a micro-nozzle used in satellite thrusters.
Contribution
The study reveals how wall temperature influences rarefied gas flow patterns and heat transfer in micro-nozzles with multiscale characteristics.
Findings
Higher wall temperatures reduce the temperature drop ratio in low-temperature regions of the micro-nozzle.
Slip flow transitions to transition flow when slip velocity reaches approximately 50 m/s.
Wall temperature significantly affects the spatial distribution of flow patterns at small needle valve openings.
Abstract
When the satellite is in orbit, the thruster will experience drastic temperature changes (100–1000 K) under solar radiation, which will affect the rarefied gas flow state in the micro-nozzle structure of the cold gas micro-thruster. In this study, the effect of different wall temperatures on the rarefied flow and heat transfer in the micro-nozzle is investigated based on the DSMC method. The micro-nozzle structure in this paper has a micro-channel with a large length-to-diameter ratio of 10 and a micro-scale needle valve displacement (maximum needle valve displacement up to 4 μm). This leads to more pronounced multiscale flow characteristics in the micro-nozzle, which is more influenced by the change in wall temperature. At wall temperatures ranging from 100 K to 1000 K, the spatial distribution of local Kn distribution, slip velocity distribution, temperature, and wall heat flux…
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Taxonomy
TopicsGas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory · Rocket and propulsion systems research · Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies