Universalities of Defects in Quantum Field Theories

TL;DR

This paper explores the universal properties of defects in quantum field theories, focusing on symmetry principles and their implications across various physical systems.

Contribution

It introduces a unified perspective on defect dynamics, connecting defect renormalization, effective string theory, and impurities in quantum gases.

Findings

Identification of universal defect behaviors governed by symmetry principles

Insights into defect renormalization group flows and effective string descriptions

Application to impurities in atomic quantum gases

Abstract

Defects are both physically rich objects and powerful tools in modern quantum field theory. They are extended operators, such as boundaries, impurities, and probe particles, embedded in many-body systems. In this dissertation, we study the universal aspects of defect dynamics from the perspective of symmetry principles. We bring together several themes, including defect renormalization group flows, effective string theory, and impurities in atomic quantum gases.