Journey in quantum metrology and sensing from foundations to applications: a review

TL;DR

This review comprehensively covers quantum metrology and sensing, from foundational theories to diverse practical applications and recent technological advances across multiple physical platforms.

Contribution

It synthesizes recent developments in quantum estimation strategies, resource detection, and experimental implementations across various quantum systems.

Findings

Quantum Fisher information effectively detects quantum resources.

Recent advances include quantum error correction and reservoir engineering in sensing.

Quantum metrology applications span atomic clocks, quantum imaging, and many-body sensors.

Abstract

We present a review on quantum metrology and sensing, from its foundations to current applications. Highlights of the review include consideration of both frequentist and Bayesian approaches to parameter estimation; single as well as multiparameter estimation; estimation for different encoding processes comprising unitary as well as noisy channels, quantum thermometry, and channels involving indefinite causal order; different estimation strategies incorporating also recent advances like quantum error correction-aided methods and reservoir engineering; usefulness of quantum Fisher information to detect resources; applications of quantum metrology in diverse arenas covering quantum many-body sensors, sensing protocols in atomic ensembles, atom-photon systems, and continuous-variable systems, quantum imaging, quantum illumination, atomic clocks and atom interferometry, etc; and experimental realizations of quantum sensors in different physical platforms.