Development of a xenon triple point apparatus suitable for calibrating long-stem SPRTs and preliminary measurements of the temperature

TL;DR

This study developed an immersion-type xenon triple point apparatus for calibrating long-stem and capsule platinum resistance thermometers, achieving stable melting plateaus and precise temperature measurements aligned with previous methods.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel xenon triple point apparatus with long-lasting melting plateaus and effective heat leak correction, enhancing calibration accuracy for thermometry standards.

Findings

Achieved melting plateaus lasting 8-12 hours with high temperature flatness.

Measured Xe TP at 161.40571 K with uncertainties within 0.11 to 0.42 mK.

Corrected for axial heat leak, aligning results with previous adiabatic measurements.

Abstract

Xenon is of high chemical-physical stability and health compatibility. The xenon triple point (Xe TP) is accounted for a promising candidate replacing the mercury triple point (Hg TP) from the set of the defining fixed points of the international temperature scale ITS-90. The success of the alternative highly depends on the level of the realization of the Xe TP using long-stem standard platinum resistance thermometers (LSPRTs). We report in this article our study on the development of an immersion-type Xe TP apparatus, which is suitable for calibration of both LSPRTs and capsule standard platinum resistance thermometers (CSPRT). We realize the melting plateaus of the Xe TP using the continuous heating method on the apparatus. The effective melting plateaus extend for 8-12 hours long with temperature flatness range of 0.37 mK-1.0 mK over the melted fractions from 0.2 to 0.75. We find the axial heat leak contributing a principal effect influencing measurements of the Xe TP. We investigate the effect by varying the offset temperatures on the outer wall of the Xe TP cell. We measure the Xe TP using two LSPRTs upon correction of the axial heat leak. The new measurement, giving the Xe TP of 161.405 71 (55) K (k=1) at the melted fraction F=1.0, agrees well with those previously obtained by the adiabatic apparatuses. Their differences fall within 0.11 mK to 0.42 mK. by. Those differences are well covered by the estimated measurement uncertainty.