A Comprehensive Comparison of Deep Learning Architectures for COVID-19 Classification on CT & X-ray Imagery

TL;DR

This paper compares various deep learning architectures, especially CNNs, for classifying COVID-19 from lung CT and X-ray images, achieving high accuracy and outperforming previous methods.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive evaluation of multiple pre-trained CNN models for COVID-19 diagnosis using imaging data, highlighting the most effective architectures.

Findings

Resnet and VGG architectures achieved 95-98% accuracy.

The models demonstrated superior performance compared to prior studies.

The study validates CNNs as effective tools for COVID-19 imaging diagnosis.

Abstract

COVID-19 was a significant challenge that led to the loss of numerous lives daily. Not only a certain country was involved in this outbreak, but even the world has suffered because of the coronavirus. Imaging techniques using computed tomography (CT) and X-rays of the lungs are the most useful tools for the COVID-19 or any other pandemic disease screening process. Technology today has revolutionized the world by using artificial intelligence to replace manual processes with automated machines, which enable the system to imitate the human brain by making wise decisions based on experience. Motivated by this, our work proposes to use convolutional neural networks (CNN) based models for designing a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system that differentiates between COVID-19 and healthy lung pictures. We used two different sets of X-ray images of the lungs in addition to two different sets of CT scans and the classification is done using a variety of networks that have been pre-trained such as VGG (16, 19), Densenet (121), Resnet (50, 50 V2, 101 V2), Mobile net (V2), Xception Inception (V3, Resnet V2), Efficient net (B0) and Nasnet (Large). On the X-ray and CT image datasets, Resnet and VGG architecture have shown the ability to properly differentiate COVID-19 from normal images, with an average accuracy of 95 to 98 percent respectively. Our acquired results on the classification datasets are competitive and superior to previously reported findings in the literature.