Cosmological perturbations with $f(R)$ gravity scalarons : Galaxy power spectra and the scalaron mass

TL;DR

This paper investigates how $f(R)$ gravity scalarons influence galaxy power spectra during cosmic evolution, providing observable signatures for testing modified gravity theories with upcoming galaxy surveys.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of scalaron effects on galaxy power spectra across cosmic history, linking scalaron mass evolution to deviations from general relativity.

Findings

Galaxy power spectra in $f(R)$ gravity increase at small scales.

Quadrupole power remains elevated at large scales compared to $ abla$CDM.

Scalaron mass decreases over cosmic time, affecting gravity deviations.

Abstract

In this paper we study cosmological perturbations with $f(R)$ gravity scalaron. We consider epoch of transition from early general relativity (GR) phase to late time non-GR phase of cosmogenic history for a viable $f(R)$ gravity Lagrangian close to the $\Lambda$CDM theory at early cosmic history. We study deviation in matter power spectra from $\Lambda$CDM scenario. Galaxy power spectra multipoles are generated using galaxy bias, velocity dispersion and modified gravity parameters. While monopole and quadrupole matter power in $f(R)$ theory increase towards larger $k$ (small scales), quadrupole power spectrum remains elevated relative to $\Lambda$CDM for smaller $k$ (large scales), upto $k\approx 0.02$. These power spectra provide observables for testing gravity through the current and future galaxy survey missions such as DESI, EUCLID, 4MOST and PFS. We report appropriate GR limit of scalaron mass in galactic and massive black hole scales. Evolution of the scalaron mass and its general relativistic limit for various cosmic structures are reported. Deviation from GR in cosmogenic evolution is attributed to decrease in scalaron mass with cosmic time.