Non-singular Inflation-Dark Energy Unification Model Based on Loop Quantum Cosmology and Mass-Varying Neutrinos

TL;DR

This paper presents a non-singular cosmological model unifying inflation and dark energy within Loop Quantum Cosmology, incorporating mass-varying neutrinos to explain late-time acceleration, and validates it against observational data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel non-singular inflation-dark energy unification model based on LQC with mass-varying neutrinos, supported by observational constraints.

Findings

Quantum bounce replaces initial singularity with superinflation phase.

Model aligns well with supernova, BAO, and CMB observational data.

Neutrino coupling triggers late-time cosmic acceleration.

Abstract

Unifying the early-universe inflationary paradigm with late-time cosmic acceleration, while resolving the initial Big Bang singularity, remains one of the most profound challenges in modern cosmology. In this paper, we propose a non-singular quintessential inflation model embedded within the effective dynamics of Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) based on a Generalized Regularization Scheme. The quantum geometry effects naturally replace the initial singularity with a quantum bounce, followed by a phase of superinflation that sets robust initial conditions for the subsequent slow-roll inflation. To achieve a viable late-time dark energy epoch and address the coincidence problem, we introduce a coupling between the scalar field and massive neutrinos, known as Mass-Varying Neutrinos (MaVaNs). As neutrinos become non-relativistic in the post-inflationary evolution, their backreaction effectively freezes the scalar field, triggering the late-time accelerated expansion. We numerically trace the full background dynamics from the quantum bounce to the present day. Furthermore, we tightly constrain the model parameters utilizing the observational data, including the Type Ia supernovae sample, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) distance priors. Our results demonstrate that this unified LQC-MaVaNs quintessential framework is highly consistent with current precision cosmological observations.