Quantum communications in continuous variable systems

TL;DR

This paper explores advanced continuous variable quantum communication techniques, including novel receivers and protocols, demonstrating quantum advantages and practical improvements for quantum key distribution and decision theory.

Contribution

It introduces innovative hybrid receivers for binary phase-shift keying, new CVQKD protocols with discrete modulation, and a pioneering non-Gaussian CVQKD scheme utilizing optimized state-discrimination.

Findings

Quantum advantage in coherent-state discrimination with hybrid receivers.

Feasible CVQKD protocols employing discrete modulation compatible with current technology.

First implementation of a non-Gaussian CVQKD scheme with optimized state-discrimination.

Abstract

Nowadays, quantum communications provide a vast field of research in rapid expansion, with a huge potential impact on the future developments of quantum technologies. In particular, continuous variable systems, employing coherent-state encoding and quadrature measurements, represent a suitable platform, due to their compatibility with both the modulation and detection systems currently employed in standard fiber-optical communications. In this work, we address some relevant aspects of the field, and provide innovative results being also experimentally oriented. In particular, we focus on two relevant paradigms: quantum decision theory and continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD). In the former case, we address the problem of coherent-state discrimination and design new hybrid receivers for binary phase-shift keying discrimination, obtaining a quantum advantage over conventional detection schemes, being also robust against typical experimental imperfections. In the latter scenario, we proceed in two different directions. On the one hand, we design new CVQKD protocols employing discrete modulation of coherent states, being a feasible solution compatible with the state of the art in optical communications technologies. On the other hand, we address the more fundamental problem of performing channel losses mitigation to enhance existing protocols, and investigate the role of optical amplifiers for the task. Finally, we make a first step towards a fully non-Gaussian CVQKD scheme by proposing, for the first time, the adoption of an optimized state-discrimination receiver, commonly adopted for quantum decision theory, within the context of CVQKD, obtaining a genuine quantum enhancement over conventional protocols.