Bifurcation of the quasi-stationary velocity of strongly discrete transition waves driven by gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of strongly discrete transition waves in mechanical metamaterials under gravity, revealing the emergence of multiple quasi-stationary velocity plateaus due to bifurcations.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework explaining how gravitational perturbations cause bifurcations in velocity plateaus of transition waves in strongly discrete systems.

Findings

Transition waves exhibit multiple velocity plateaus under gravity.

The number of velocity plateaus varies with tilt angle, first increasing then decreasing.

Bifurcation occurs at radiation resonance, altering the number of plateaus.

Abstract

Transition waves are common in multistable mechanical metamaterials, and the dynamics of weakly discrete transition waves under driving forces have been extensively discussed. However, as lattice effects become more pronounced, strongly discrete transition waves may exhibit dynamics that cannot be predicted by the continuum limit. Here, by tilting a bistable chain, we introduce a gravitational perturbation term into the dynamical equations, under which the transition waves are continuously accelerated. In the strongly discrete regime, we find that transition waves under gravitational driving possess quasi-stationary velocity plateaus (QSVPs), and the number of these plateaus first increases and then decreases as the tilt angle increases. We theoretically elucidate that the emergence of the velocity plateaus originates from the balance between gravitational driving and phonon radiation. In further analysis, the theoretical model reveals that the balance point undergoes a bifurcation at the radiation resonance, which leads to a change in the number of velocity plateaus. Our study extends the investigation of transition waves into the strongly discrete regime, and the emergence of multiple velocity plateaus opens up new possibilities for programmable solitary waves.