Unbounded Toeplitz operators and finite rank de Branges-Rovnyak spaces

TL;DR

This paper explores finite rank de Branges-Rovnyak spaces generated by matrix-valued Schur functions, generalizing Sarason's work by characterizing these spaces via Toeplitz operators and providing explicit norm formulas.

Contribution

It generalizes Sarason's characterization of finite rank de Branges-Rovnyak spaces to the matrix-valued setting and offers new norm formulas and boundary behavior criteria.

Findings

Characterization of finite rank $H(B)$-spaces as domains of Toeplitz operator adjoints.

Explicit norm formulas in terms of Taylor coefficients and symbols.

Criteria for when $H^ abla ext{subseteq} H(B)$ based on boundary behavior.

Abstract

Motivated by the recent developments of de Branges-Rovnyak spaces, we investigate the function theoretic aspects of finite rank de Branges-Rovnyak spaces $H(B)$ generated by row-valued Schur functions $B$. We provide a generalization of Sarason's fundamental work by characterizing finite rank $H(B)$-spaces as the domain of the adjoint of the Toeplitz operators $T_\varphi^*$ with symbol $\varphi = BA^{-1}$, where $A$ is an matrix-valued outer function satisfying $A^*A+B^*B = I$ a.e. on the unit circle. We derive a norm formula for functions in $H(B)$-space and provide a concrete realization of this norm in terms of the Taylor coefficients of the function and the symbol $\varphi$. As an application, we characterize all symbols $B$ for which $H^\infty \subseteq H(B)$ in terms of the boundary behavior of $I-BB^*$, thereby extending Sarason's criterion for the classical de Branges-Rovnyak spaces.