InterQ: Communication-Aware Scheduling Across Modular QPUs with Classical and Quantum Links
Vinooth Kulkarni, Jaehyun Lee, Lauren Li, Aaron Orenstein, Xinpeng Li, Shuai Xu, Daniel Blankenberg, and Vipin Chaudhary

TL;DR
InterQ is a novel communication-aware scheduler designed for heterogeneous modular quantum processors, optimizing execution, communication, and fidelity tradeoffs across different quantum architectures.
Contribution
It introduces a unified scheduling framework that considers diverse communication models and adaptive circuit cutting for modular quantum systems.
Findings
Neutral-atom QPUs achieve highest fidelity.
Superconducting systems minimize runtime.
Trapped-ion systems balance fidelity and makespan.
Abstract
As quantum computing scales toward practical workloads, future systems are expected to move beyond single monolithic processors toward modular architectures that connect multiple QPUs. Different platforms realize this modularity through different communication models: superconducting systems rely on real-time classical links and dynamic-circuit coordination, trapped-ion systems use photonic interconnects for remote entanglement, and neutral-atom systems provide strong intra-core connectivity with proposed optical links for inter-core communication. This heterogeneity makes communication-aware scheduling essential for shared modular quantum cloud environments. We present InterQ, a communication-aware scheduler for modular QPU architectures with heterogeneous communication models. InterQ jointly considers qubit capacity, placement, parallel execution, and communication-driven…
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