Anomalous thermal and elastic properties of an epitaxial NiTi film exhibiting R-phase

TL;DR

This study uses transient grating spectroscopy to characterize the thermal and elastic properties of a NiTi film during phase transformation, revealing significant changes that suggest its potential for thermal switching applications.

Contribution

It demonstrates in-situ measurement of elastic and thermal properties of NiTi film during phase transformation, highlighting anomalous heat capacity and potential for thermal management.

Findings

Thermal diffusivity changes by 450% between R-phase and austenite.

Elastic properties show a crossover of shear moduli during phase transition.

Absence of hysteresis suggests suitability for thermal switches.

Abstract

Shape memory alloys like NiTi are at the core of emerging thermal management applications, including elastocaloric refrigeration, thermoelastic harvesting, and latent heat storage. Most of these applications benefit from a small scale due to the accelerated heat exchange, but obtaining precise functional properties of films is challenging. Here we demonstrate that transient grating spectroscopy (TGS) enables characterization of elastic coefficients and thermal diffusivity of a 3 $\mu$m thick epitaxial NiTi film during a thermally induced phase transformation. The in-situ measurement of a complete austenite$\rightarrow$R-phase$\rightarrow$martensite$\rightarrow$austenite temperature cycle reveals that the elastic properties exhibit a crossover of the shear moduli (from $c^\prime < c_{44}$ in austenite to $c^\prime > c_{44}$ in martensite) and that the thermal diffusivity changes by 450 $\%$ between the R-phase and austenite. This dramatic change, together with the absence of hysteresis between the R-phase and austenite, makes NiTi a promising material candidate for thermal switches. The results indicate that the change in thermal diffusivity originates from an anomalous heat capacity of the R-phase. Furthermore, our TGS study provides temperature-dependent thermal and elastic properties required for simulating thermal management microsystems using this material.