Port-Hamiltonian Control and Structure-Preserving Algorithm for Grid-Forming SVGs

TL;DR

This paper develops a port-Hamiltonian modeling and control framework for grid-forming SVGs, featuring a structure-preserving simulation method and an ISS controller that improves stability and energy conservation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel port-Hamiltonian model, an input-to-state stable controller with physical parameters, and a Dirac-structure-preserving numerical scheme for accurate energy conservation.

Findings

ISS controller achieves faster settling and lower control effort.

Structure-preserving midpoint rule maintains exact energy conservation.

Numerical results show improved long-term accuracy over standard methods.

Abstract

This paper presents a port-Hamiltonian (PH) modeling, control, and structure-preserving simulation framework for grid-forming static var generators (SVGs). A PH model is established that captures energy exchange among the inductor, capacitor, and DC-link storage ports. Since external disturbances cannot be fully canceled by feedback, an input-to-state stable (ISS) controller is designed to steer subsystem states to zero while minimizing disturbance effects. The controller contains only three tunable parameters with clear physical interpretations and is robust against input errors. A Dirac-structure-preserving midpoint rule is developed, which exactly conserves the Hamiltonian energy when disturbances are absent. Numerical comparisons show that the ISS controller achieves faster settling, smaller offset, and lower control effort than a conventional PI controller, and the structure-preserving midpoint rule maintains exact energy conservation and superior long-term accuracy over standard Runge-Kutta methods.