On the Role of the Viscosity Parameters in the Large Time Asymptotics of 2D Micropolar Flows

TL;DR

This paper studies how viscosity parameters influence the long-term behavior of 2D micropolar flows, revealing that only the kinematic viscosity affects asymptotics, while micro-rotational effects can enhance dissipation.

Contribution

It establishes global solutions for micropolar flows and shows that large-time behavior depends solely on the kinematic viscosity, introducing a new enstrophy-like identity.

Findings

Large time behavior depends only on the kinematic viscosity μ.

Micro-rotational effects can significantly enhance dissipation.

A new enstrophy-like identity was developed for analysis.

Abstract

We investigate the role of the four viscosity parameters, in fluids where the particles possess a microstructure (micropolar flows) and are allowed to rotate in a two-dimensional setting. We first establish the existence of global finite energy solutions, satisfying the classical energy equality, for arbitrary initial data in $L^2$, in the case of a spin viscosity $\gamma\ge0$, and we construct the asymptotic profiles of the solution as $t\to+\infty$. We deduce the remarkable fact that the large time behavior only depends on the kinematic viscosity $\mu$, and not on the other parameters $\chi$ (vortex-viscosity), $\gamma$ (spin viscosity) and $\kappa$ (gyroviscosity) of the model. Our primary tool is a new enstrophy-like identity of independent interest, involving the difference between the fluid vorticity and the micro-angular velocity. Another consequence of our analysis is the identification of scenarios where the presence of micro-rotational effects significantly enhances dissipation, thereby slowing down the fluid motion at large times.