Eff-WRFGS: Efficient Wireless Radiance Field Using 3D Gaussian Splatting

TL;DR

Eff-WRFGS is a novel framework that models wireless radiance fields efficiently using 3D Gaussian splatting, significantly reducing storage and rendering time while maintaining quality.

Contribution

It introduces a learnable masking mechanism for Gaussian primitives and demonstrates substantial efficiency gains with minimal quality loss.

Findings

Achieves up to 44× storage reduction

Realizes 7× faster rendering speed

Maintains high-quality channel modeling

Abstract

Wireless channel modeling is a key building block for next-generation wireless systems. Predicting the channel state information (CSI) across different transmitter locations can substantially reduce the pilot and feedback overhead of conventional channel estimation. We propose Eff-WRFGS, an efficient wireless radiance field modeling framework built upon 3D Gaussian Splatting. Eff-WRFGS introduces a learnable mask for each 3D Gaussian primitive to indicate its importance, which guides the pruning of less significant primitives for more efficient rendering. The model is trained using a weighted combination of rendering and regularization losses, allowing a flexible trade-off between rendering quality and efficiency. Numerical results on the $\text{NeRF}^2$ dataset demonstrate that Eff-WRFGS achieves up to 44$\times$ storage reduction and 7$\times$ rendering speed-up with only marginal quality degradation. Moreover, initializing the Gaussian primitives from a 3D point cloud of the scene further improves the entire quality-efficiency trade-off.