Opportunities for Gravitational Wave Physics at the South Pole

TL;DR

This paper discusses the potential of deploying atom interferometers at the South Pole for gravitational wave detection in the decihertz band, highlighting unique advantages and scientific opportunities.

Contribution

It presents the scientific case and practical considerations for establishing a long-baseline atom interferometer at the South Pole to enhance gravitational wave detection.

Findings

South Pole's low seismic noise benefits gravitational wave detection

A long-baseline atom interferometer can improve source localization

Deployment can enable precision tests of fundamental physics

Abstract

Atom interferometers represent a promising approach for gravitational wave detection in the decihertz frequency band, complementary to existing light-based detectors. The South Pole offers unique advantages for such experiments: exceptionally low seismic noise, established infrastructure for large scientific projects, and a location that strengthens gravitational wave source localization through global triangulation. Here we discuss the scientific case and practical considerations for deploying a long-baseline atom interferometer at the South Pole, which has the potential to expand the global network of gravitational wave detectors while enabling precision tests of fundamental physics.