Optimal Quantum Illumination with Nonlocal Non-Gaussian Operations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a nonlocal non-Gaussian operation protocol that creates probe states surpassing traditional methods in quantum illumination, demonstrating improved target detection performance under realistic conditions.

Contribution

It proposes a novel nonlocal non-Gaussian protocol that outperforms local non-Gaussian methods, offering a resource-efficient and experimentally feasible approach for quantum illumination.

Findings

Engineered states outperform TMSS under photon loss.

Significant SNR enhancement with a 50:50 beam splitter and photon-number difference detection.

Protocol demonstrates improved quantum illumination performance.

Abstract

Enhancing quantum illumination with highly entangled probes remains an active area of research. In this context, non-Gaussian operations provide an effective route for engineering probe states that can surpass the standard two-mode squeezed state (TMSS). In this work, we investigate a specific nonlocal non-Gaussian operation protocol and show that the engineered state using this protocol outperforms previously considered local non-Gaussian scenarios, engineered based on photon catalysis, addition, and subtraction under realistic conditions, including photon loss. Furthermore, by employing a $50{:}50$ beam splitter with photon-number difference detection, we demonstrate a significant enhancement in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for target detection relative to the TMSS. Thus, our protocol exhibits improved performance, highlighting a resource-efficient and experimentally feasible probe for enhanced quantum illumination.