PairDropGS: Paired Dropout-Induced Consistency Regularization for Sparse-View Gaussian Splatting

TL;DR

PairDropGS introduces a consistency regularization framework for sparse-view 3D Gaussian Splatting, improving stability and reconstruction quality by constraining low-frequency structures across dropout-induced Gaussian subsets.

Contribution

It proposes a novel paired dropout-induced consistency regularization method with progressive scheduling, enhancing stability and performance in sparse-view 3D Gaussian Splatting.

Findings

Achieves superior reconstruction quality on benchmark datasets.

Improves training stability over existing dropout-based methods.

Demonstrates the effectiveness of low-frequency consistency constraints.

Abstract

Dropout-based sparse-view 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) methods alleviate overfitting by randomly suppressing Gaussian primitives during training. Existing methods mainly focus on designing increasingly sophisticated dropout strategies, while they overlook the resulting inconsistencies among different dropped Gaussian subsets. This oversight often leads to unstable reconstruction and suboptimal Gaussian representation learning.In this paper, we revisit dropout-based sparse-view 3DGS from a consistency regularization perspective and propose PairDropGS, a Paired Dropout-induced Consistency Regularization framework for sparse-view Gaussian splatting. Specifically, PairDropGS first constructs a pair of the dropped Gaussian subsets from a shared Gaussian field and designs a low-frequency consistency regularization to constrain their low-frequency rendered structures. This design encourages the shared Gaussian field to preserve stable scene layout and coarse geometry under different random dropouts, while avoiding excessive constraints on ambiguous high-frequency details. Moreover, we introduce a progressive consistency scheduling strategy to gradually strengthen the consistency regularization during training for stability and robustness of reconstruction. Extensive experiments on widely-used sparse-view benchmarks demonstrate that PairDropGS achieves superior training stability, significantly outperforms existing dropout-based 3DGS methods in reconstruction quality, while exhibiting the simplicity and plug-and-play nature for improving dropout-based optimization.