Exploring the stellar streams and satellites around the giant low surface brightness galaxy Malin 1
Roy O. E. Bustos-Espinoza, Matias Bla\~na, Gaspar Galaz, Marcelo D. Mora, Junais, Mousumi Das, Sudhanshu Barway, Ankit Kumar, Evelyn J. Johnston, and Thomas Puzia

TL;DR
This study models the orbital dynamics of satellites around Malin 1, a giant low surface brightness galaxy, revealing how past interactions with satellites and streams have influenced its morphology and evolution.
Contribution
It introduces detailed gravitational models and explores formation scenarios, highlighting the role of satellite interactions and different halo profiles in shaping Malin 1.
Findings
ISO halo model favors bound satellite orbits more than NFW.
Giant stellar streams may be substructures of satellites.
Some satellites interacted as recently as 100 Myr ago.
Abstract
Context. Giant Low Surface Brightness galaxies, such as Malin 1, host extended discs exceeding 100 kpc. Their formation and evolution remain debated, with interactions with satellite galaxies and accretion streams proposed as key contributors. Malin 1 hosts satellites and exhibits two giant stellar streams, likely the result of past interactions. Aims. We investigate the orbital dynamics of Malin 1's satellites and their possible connections with observed stellar streams, testing their nature with different formation scenarios. Methods. We constructed gravitational potentials using optical and HI data, including stellar, gaseous, and dark matter components, and explored a wide parameter space while testing NFW and ISO halo profiles. Results. Some scenarios produced bound solutions. The ISO halo model () favours bound satellite…
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