Characterizing quantum correlations and quantum teleportation in $gg \to t\bar{t}$ and $q\bar{q} \to t\bar{t}$ processes under noisy channels

TL;DR

This paper investigates quantum correlations in top-antitop quark pairs produced in high-energy collisions, analyzing their behavior under noise and implications for quantum teleportation, bridging quantum information and particle physics.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of quantum correlations in $t\bar{t}$ systems using various measures and studies their robustness under different decoherence channels.

Findings

Quantum correlations decrease with decoherence but can persist above classical thresholds.

Bell nonlocality and quantum steering are affected differently by noise channels.

Quantum teleportation remains viable above classical fidelity even with noise.

Abstract

The measurement of top-quark spin correlations provides a key tool for probing its interactions with high precision. Owing to its extremely short lifetime ($\tau \sim 10^{-25}$ s), the top quark preserves its spin polarization information, making the $t\bar{t}$ system an ideal framework for investigating quantum correlations in high-energy physics. In this work, we analyze quantum correlations in $t\bar{t}$ pairs produced in QCD using several quantum information-theoretic measures, including Bell nonlocality, quantum steering, concurrence, and geometric quantum discord. Their dependence on kinematic variables is examined in both the $gg \to t\bar{t}$ and $q\bar{q} \to t\bar{t}$ channels, with convergence toward the $gg \to t\bar{t}$ dominated regime in the ultra-relativistic limit ($\beta = 1$). We also investigate the effect of three effective decoherence channels (AD, PD, and PF). The AD and PD channels lead to a monotonic degradation of correlations as the decoherence parameter $p$ increases, while the PF channel exhibits a symmetric behavior around $p=1/2$. The impact of these channels on quantum teleportation is analyzed, showing that it remains above the classical threshold of $2/3$ even in the presence of noise. These results indicate that certain quantum resources can persist despite decoherence, opening new perspectives at the interface of quantum information and particle physics.