StartFlow: From Method Conception to Multi-Perspective Evaluation in UX Prototyping for Software Startups

TL;DR

StartFlow is a structured, easy-to-use method designed to help non-experts in startups create clear, user-centered MVP prototypes using wireflows, validated through expert evaluation and user feedback.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, structured wireflow-based method tailored for non-specialists in startups to develop MVP prototypes effectively.

Findings

Participants created clearer prototypes with fewer usability defects.

The method was rated as easy to use and promising for future adoption.

Participants found the method straightforward and helpful for structuring user flows.

Abstract

Context. Software startups face significant challenges in building minimum viable products, particularly in the early stages, when resources are limited and expertise in user experience is scarce. Objective. Introduce StartFlow, a structured method that helps non-specialized professionals create MVP prototypes using the wireflow technique, a combination of wireframes and user flows. StartFlow consists of three steps: (i) organizing features; (ii) building wireflows; and (iii) verifying and refining them based on usability heuristics. Method. To assess the method Startflow, we first conducted a focus group with researchers in Software Engineering, Human-Computer Interaction, and Software Startups. Afterward, we conducted a proof-of-concept study, which consisted of an experiment and a heuristic evaluation with experts. Results. The qualitative analysis of the focus group revealed that participants found the method straightforward, flexible, and helpful in structuring user flows and identifying visual components. However, they also pointed out the need to improve its presentation, clarify its iterative nature, and strengthen its connection to broader UX principles. The results of the proof-of-concept indicate that participants who used StartFlow created clearer prototypes, adhered to the proposed user stories and business rules, and presented fewer usability defects. Furthermore, the method was well evaluated for its ease of use and intended future adoption. Conclusion. The study reinforces the potential of StartFlow as an accessible tool to support user-centered development in software startups from the earliest stages of their product development.