Dynamically Reconfigurable Optical Skyrmions Enabled by a Silicon Microring Optical Phased Array for Robust Free-Space Communication

TL;DR

This paper introduces a silicon microring-resonator optical phased array capable of actively reconfiguring optical skyrmions for robust free-space communication, demonstrating improved turbulence tolerance over traditional OAM modes.

Contribution

It presents a compact, integrated platform for active topological reconfiguration of optical skyrmions, enabling dynamic control and enhanced communication robustness.

Findings

Achieved polarization fractions of 90.27% and 91.40% for LCP and RCP radiation bases.

Demonstrated active switching between N"eel-type and Bloch-type skyrmions.

Constructed a 4-symbol free-space communication link with lower error rates under turbulence.

Abstract

Optical skyrmions offer a robust vectorial information degree of freedom for free-space communication, but practical deployment requires a compact platform capable of active topological reconfiguration. Here, we propose a silicon microring-resonator optical phased array that integrates spin-selective emission and programmable phase control on a single chip. Optimized inner- and outer-grating microring emitters provide decoupled LCP and RCP radiation bases with polarization fractions of 90.27% and 91.40%, enabling active switching between N\'eel-type and Bloch-type skyrmions, while dynamically tuning the skyrmion number across Nsk =-1.914 to 1.918. Using these programmable topological states, a 4-symbol free-space communication link is constructed and compared with ideal LG-OAM encoding under Kolmogorov turbulence. The skyrmion-encoded link maintains a lower symbol error rate over a broader turbulence range, demonstrating that topological observables are more robust than scalar OAM modes. These results establish actively reconfigurable optical skyrmions as compact, programmable, and turbulence-tolerant information carriers for next-generation free-space optical communication.