FrameTwin: Curve-Anchored Gaussian Alignment from Sparse Views for Adaptive Wireframe 3D Printing

TL;DR

FrameTwin introduces a geometry-aware Gaussian alignment method that uses sparse-view images to adaptively monitor and correct deformation in wireframe 3D printing, enabling more accurate fabrication.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel curve-anchored Gaussian framework with a differentiable rendering pipeline for real-time deformation estimation in wireframe 3D printing.

Findings

Robustly captures deformation of thin wireframe structures during fabrication.

Enables adaptive updates to printing trajectories based on deformation estimates.

Reduces ambiguity in sparse-view observations by constraining kernels along parametric curves.

Abstract

We present FrameTwin, a curve-anchored Gaussian alignment framework that uses sparse-view images to close the control loop for adaptive wireframe 3D printing. Our key idea is to capture the deformation of thin wireframe structures from sparse-view images using Gaussian kernels anchored to parametric curves, yielding a compact and geometry-aware encoding that explicitly captures strut topology. Driven by a differentiable rendering pipeline, FrameTwin estimates a neural deformation field that aligns the partially printed target model with the deformed structure observed during fabrication, where the optimized curve-Gaussian representation serves as a digital twin of the evolving wireframe. Unlike general Gaussian-splatting approaches, our formulation constrains kernel placement along parametric curves, substantially reducing the ambiguity inherent in sparse-view observations of thin structures. The resultant deformation-field alignment enforces global consistency across all struts. By using the estimated deformation field to blend the distorted printed geometry with the remaining unprinted geometry, FrameTwin enables adaptive updates to future printing trajectories. We demonstrate that FrameTwin can robustly capture and compensate for deformation in wireframe models fabricated using a robotized 3D printing system.