AI and Consciousness: Shifting Focus Towards Tractable Questions

TL;DR

This paper discusses the intractability of determining AI consciousness and emphasizes the importance of studying perceived AI consciousness and its societal impacts.

Contribution

It highlights the tractability of perceived AI consciousness questions and advocates for focused research and clear communication on this societal phenomenon.

Findings

Perceived AI consciousness influences societal norms and ethics.

The direct scientific question of AI consciousness is currently intractable.

Public perception of AI consciousness is rapidly evolving and impactful.

Abstract

As language-based AI systems become more anthropomorphic, the question of whether they can have subjective experience is increasingly pressing. I focus here on the tractability of research questions in the space of AI consciousness. I argue that the fundamental problem of whether AI systems can be conscious is currently intractable in its direct form, given the absence of a universally accepted scientific theory of consciousness, as well as the historical open-endedness of the philosophical mind-body problem. In contrast, questions around the adjacent subject of perceived AI consciousness are tractable, timely, and highly consequential for society. The general public is increasingly open to the possibility of consciousness in AI systems and routinely adopts the vocabulary of human cognition and subjective experience to describe them. This phenomenon is already driving societal shifts across user experience, ethical standards, and linguistic norms. I therefore propose an increased research focus on uncovering the causes and effects of perceived AI consciousness, which ultimately shape how we see our own human subjective experience relative to artificial entities. To support this, I map the current landscape of AI consciousness perception and discuss its key potential drivers and societal consequences. Finally, I urge developers, decision-makers, and the broader scientific community to commit to clear and accurate communication regarding the topic of AI consciousness, explicitly acknowledging its inherent uncertainties.