Emergence of a correlated insulating state in bulk 1T-NbSe$_2$ via metal intercalation
M. Tomlinson, AKM A. Rahman, S. Devi, R. Tuchikawa, M. Ishigami, D. Le, Md Z. Mohayman, A. Kushima, Y. Nakajima
TL;DR
This study demonstrates the synthesis of bulk 1T-NbSe$_2$ via Sn intercalation, revealing an insulating state driven by electronic correlations, contrasting with its metallic counterpart and opening new research avenues.
Contribution
It introduces electrochemical Sn intercalation as a method to stabilize bulk 1T-NbSe$_2$, enabling exploration of correlated electronic states in this phase.
Findings
Sn intercalation induces 1T structure in bulk NbSe$_2$
Intercalated samples show insulating behavior contrary to metallic 2H-NbSe$_2$
Electronic correlations are crucial for the insulating state
Abstract
The 1T polymorph of NbSe, long confined to the monolayer limit, has remained inaccessible in bulk. Here, we report the realization of bulk 1T-NbSe via electrochemical Sn intercalation. Transmission electron microscopy directly reveals the formation of the 1T structure induced by Sn intercalation. The intercalated samples exhibit insulating transport behavior, in stark contrast to metallic 2H-NbSe. Density functional theory calculations, however, predict a metallic band structure, highlighting the crucial role of emergent electronic correlations in the observed insulating state. Raman spectroscopy further reveals vibrational modes associated with Sn intercalation and possible charge density wave order. Our results establish electrochemical intercalation as an effective route to stabilize otherwise inaccessible bulk polytypes, positioning bulk 1T-NbSe as a new platform for…
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