Telecom-band quantum memory with chlorine defects in silicon carbide

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates chlorine-related defects in silicon carbide as a promising platform for telecom-band quantum memory, featuring telecom-range emission, room-temperature spin activity, and compatibility with wafer-scale fabrication.

Contribution

It introduces chlorine-based defects in 4H-SiC as a new, scalable quantum memory platform with telecom-band emission and coherent spin control capabilities.

Findings

Defects emit across the entire telecommunication range with up to 39% zero-phonon line emission.

Defects exhibit spin activity at room temperature with optically detected magnetic resonances.

Spin coherence times are in the sub-microsecond range, limited by charge-state metastability.

Abstract

Realization of quantum memory with a photonic interface in the telecommunication bands in a wafer-scalable platform is a central requirement for long-distance quantum networks. Silicon carbide (SiC) provides a technologically mature host for integrated quantum photonics, yet only a limited number of defects combine spin functionality with telecom emission. Here we report on chlorine-based defects in 4H-SiC as a platform for telecom-band quantum memory. The emission of these defects spans the entire telecommunication range with zero-phonon lines in the O- and C-bands and a Debye-Waller factor of up to $39 \, \%$. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements reveal a short excited-state lifetime in the sub-nanosecond range. We demonstrate that these defects are spin-active even at room temperature, exhibiting optically detected magnetic resonances (ODMR) in the sub-GHz frequency range. Using ODMR spectroscopy and Ramsey interferometry, we resolve the hyperfine structure arising from the interaction with $^{35}\mathrm{Cl}$ nuclear spins. The ODMR spectra exhibit complex behaviour in an external magnetic field due to mixing of electron-nuclear spin states, which is well reproduced by our simulations. The spin relaxation and coherence times are in the sub-microsecond range, limited by rapid quenching of the ODMR contrast and attributed to charge-state metastability. The combination of telecom-band emission, coherent spin control and compatibility with wafer-scale fabrication positions Cl-related defects in SiC as a promising platform for chip-scale quantum memories with spin-photon interfaces operating in the fiber-optic telecommunication windows.