Dynamic Mechanical Response of Spinodal Architectures Across Length and Time Scales

TL;DR

This study investigates how spinodal architected materials respond dynamically across different length scales and strain rates, revealing a transition from material sensitivity to inertia-driven behavior, with implications for designing materials for structural applications.

Contribution

The paper demonstrates the interplay between material strain-rate sensitivity, length scale, and deformation rate in spinodal architectures through experiments and finite element modeling.

Findings

Macroscale specimens show a tenfold strength increase at high strain rates.

Transition from material sensitivity to inertia-driven behavior depends on structural length scale.

Finite element maps identify parameters governing dynamic response regimes.

Abstract

High-throughput characterization of architected materials across a wide range of length scales enables rapid screening of topologies for engineering applications. Scaled-down specimens manufactured and evaluated in laboratory environments enable this iteration, but application scenarios may involve differing length scales and loading conditions that complicate direct comparisons. Here, we use a spinodal architected morphology to determine the interplay among the constituent material's strain-rate sensitivity, the topological length scale, and the imposed deformation rates. We report characterization spanning strain rates from $10^{-3}$ s$^{-1}$ to $10^{4}$ s$^{-1}$ on spinodal architected specimens with length scales of 100 $\mu$m (microscale) and 30 mm (macroscale). The experiments show that while microscale specimens exhibit moderate increase in strength at high strain rates, macroscale specimens exhibit a nearly tenfold increase in strength at equivalent strain rates. Finite element calculations reveal that this increase is linked to a transition from a response governed by constituent material strain-rate sensitivity to inertia-dominated behavior in macroscale specimens, a transition not observed in microscale specimens at the strain rates investigated here. Using extensive finite element calculations, we develop maps to establish the parameters governing the regimes of behavior, illustrating that the transition from behavior governed by constituent material rate sensitivity to inertia-dominated behavior has analogies to fluids in that it depends on a structural length scale. Our findings provide insights into the physical parameters that govern responses across length and time scales, towards the development and design of new laboratory experiments that extract relevant dynamic properties for structural applications.