Beamforming Design for Pinching Antenna Systems Enabled Cognitive Radio Systems

TL;DR

This paper proposes a beamforming design for a cognitive radio system utilizing pinching antenna systems, optimizing sum rate under power, deployment, and interference constraints with an efficient AO algorithm.

Contribution

It introduces a novel joint beamforming and antenna deployment optimization approach for PASS-assisted CR systems using a WMMSE-based reformulation.

Findings

Numerical results demonstrate significant performance improvements over benchmarks.

The proposed AO algorithm efficiently solves the non-convex optimization problem.

The method effectively balances interference tolerance and system capacity.

Abstract

A pinching antenna system (PASS) assisted cognitive radio (CR) system is proposed. A secondary system sum rate maximization problem is formulated by jointly considering the base station (BS) power budget, the pinching antenna (PA) deployment constraints, and the interference tolerance requirements of primary users. To address the resulting non-convex problem, a tractable reformulation based on the weighted minimum mean-square error (WMMSE) approach is adopted, followed by the development of an alternating optimization (AO) algorithm. Within this framework, the auxiliary variables are updated in closed form, enabling an efficient transformation of the digital beamforming subproblem to a convex form, while the PA deployment is refined through a tailored element-wise optimization strategy. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed design and show consistent performance gains compared with conventional benchmark schemes.