Cosmological Observational Tests in the JWST Era. II: The Tolman Test
V. V. Tsymbal, A. A. Raikov, N. Yu. Lovyagin
TL;DR
This study applies the Tolman test to a large galaxy sample from JWST data, revealing deviations from standard cosmological model predictions regarding surface brightness decline with redshift.
Contribution
It provides the first large-scale observational test of the Tolman surface brightness relation using JWST data, highlighting discrepancies with standard cosmology.
Findings
Mean galaxy surface brightness decreases with redshift.
Observed trend significantly departs from (1 + z)^-4 prediction.
Abstract
In this work, we investigate a classical cosmological test - the dependence of galaxy surface brightness on redshift z (the Tolman test). We analyzed 6 860 galaxies with reliably determined spectroscopic redshifts from the ASTRODEEP-JWST photometric catalogue. We find that (a) the mean surface brightness of galaxies indeed decreases with increasing distance, and (b) the observed trend shows a significant departure from the prediction of the standard cosmological model, which expects the mean surface brightness to decline as ~ (1 + z)^-4.
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