Holomorphic disks and tropical Lagrangians

TL;DR

This paper develops a calculus for counting pseudoholomorphic disks with boundary in tropical Lagrangians within almost toric manifolds, generalizing previous results and computing specific multiplicities of disk vertices.

Contribution

It introduces a new method for calculating disk counts using tropical graphs, extending prior work to higher dimensions and non-monotone cases.

Findings

Calculated multiplicities for vertices like the holomorphic pant and univalent vertices.

Showed every integer eigenvalue of non-maximal modulus for quantum multiplication by c_1 is realized by a sphere.

Extended the tropical disk counting technique to almost toric manifolds beyond four dimensions.

Abstract

We develop a calculus for counting pseudoholomorphic disks with boundary in tropical Lagrangians contained in almost toric manifolds, using our previous work with Venugopalan. The results are mostly in dimension four under monotonicity assumptions although in principle the same technique works in any dimension and without monotonicity. The calculus is given as a sum over tropical graphs that interact with the tropical graph of the Lagrangian, generalizing results of Mikhalkin and Nishinou-Siebert for holomorphic spheres in toric varieties, and our previous result with Venugopalan which dealt with disks bounding almost toric moment fibers. The main contribution of this paper is the calculation of several multiplicities of vertices corresponding to disks, such as the holomorphic pant (half of the holomorphic pair of pants) and various univalent vertices occuring at trivalent vertices of the graph of the Lagrangian; a key tool is a Lagrangian isotopy from the Lagrangian pair of pants in the del Pezzo of degree seven to the inverse image of a diagonal, which is a special case of a results of Hind and Evans. We show that every integer eigenvalue of non-maximal modulus for quantum multiplication by the first Chern class is realized by such a sphere.