Knowledge-Data Dually Driven Paradigm for Accurate Landslide Susceptibility Prediction under Data-Scarce Conditions Using Geomorphic Priors and Tabular Foundation Model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel paradigm combining geomorphic priors with limited landslide data to improve susceptibility prediction accuracy in data-scarce regions, validated in Italy and Tibetan Plateau.

Contribution

It proposes a dual-driven approach integrating geomorphic knowledge with scarce data, enabling accurate predictions where traditional methods fail.

Findings

Achieved comparable accuracy with only 30% of data in Italy.

Demonstrated reliable predictions in the Tibetan Plateau's data-scarce environment.

Validated effectiveness of the paradigm in real-world, data-scarce scenarios.

Abstract

Landslide susceptibility prediction is critical for geohazard risk assessment and mitigation. Conventional data-driven paradigm achieves high predictive accuracy but require sufficient conditioning factors and large-scale landslide inventories. However, in practical engineering applications across mountainous and plateau regions, data-scarce conditions are commonly observed, where such data requirements are rarely satisfied, rendering conventional data-driven paradigm inapplicable. To address this issue, we propose a knowledge-data dually driven paradigm for accurate landslide susceptibility prediction under data-scarce conditions. The essential idea behind the proposed novel paradigm is the integration of the geomorphic prior knowledge with scarce landslide data. To validate the proposed paradigm, we first applied it to a data-rich region in central Italy, where a conventional data-driven paradigm trained on the full dataset served as the baseline. By utilizing only 30% of the available landslide data, the proposed paradigm achieved comparable predictive accuracy to the baseline, demonstrating its effectiveness under data-scarce conditions. The paradigm was further evaluated in a genuinely data-scarce environment for application, the Qilian Permafrost Region of the Tibetan Plateau, where it also yielded reliable susceptibility predictions, confirming its applicability under data-scarce conditions.