Interval Observer Design Using Observability Decomposition for Detectable Linear Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a systematic method for designing interval observers for detectable LTI systems using observability decomposition, enabling separate handling of observable and detectable state parts.

Contribution

It proposes a novel observability-based transformation and combines Sylvester and Jordan-based observers for improved interval estimation in linear systems.

Findings

The method effectively decomposes the state for targeted observer design.

Interval observers are constructed for both observable and detectable parts.

Examples demonstrate the approach's practical effectiveness.

Abstract

We provide a systematic interval observer design method for detectable linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, where a part of the state is observable from the measured output. An observability-based invertible LTI transformation decomposes the state into two parts. The first part is decoupled from the other and observable from the output, while the second is affected by the first, does not appear in the output, but is detectable. A Sylvester-based LTI interval observer is designed for the first part. For the second part, a Jordan-based linear time-varying interval observer is built, treating the interaction from the first part as inputs with known bounds. The intervals in the original coordinates are constructed either by inverting the decomposition online for the intervals in the transformed coordinates or by directly implementing the observer written in the original coordinates. Academic examples illustrate the interest of our approach.