Novel dynamics for an inertial polar tracer in an active bath

TL;DR

This paper reveals that an inertial polar tracer in an active bath exhibits complex dynamics, including chaos and zigzag motion, which can be analytically characterized and numerically validated.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mapping of the tracer's dynamics to a stochastic Lorenz equation, unveiling rich behaviors beyond simple propulsion.

Findings

Tracer dynamics classified into multiple regimes including chaos and zigzag motion

Analytical expressions derived for propulsion speed and diffusion coefficient

Numerical simulations confirm theoretical predictions

Abstract

A polar tracer immersed in an active bath is known to be propelled forward and therefore activated. Here we report that the induced dynamics of an inertial tracer can be much richer than expected. We investigate a heavy polar tracer immersed in a bath of independent active Brownian particles. Using the projection-operator formalism to integrate out the bath, we show that the tracer's reduced dynamics can be precisely mapped onto a stochastic Lorenz equation. According to the attractors in the Lorenz equation, the tracer motion is classified into several different dynamical regimes, including active Brownian motion, chiral active Brownian motion, complex chaotic motion, and zigzag active Brownian motion. For certain regimes, we derive analytical expressions for the propulsion speed, the velocity covariance, and the effective diffusion coefficient. Numerical simulations corroborate these theoretical predictions.