Adiabatic Error Cancellation in Berry Phase Estimation

TL;DR

This paper reveals a universal adiabatic error-cancellation mechanism in Berry phase estimation, enhancing its practicality for quantum computing by combining deterministic and randomized error suppression techniques.

Contribution

It introduces a natural error-cancellation method for Berry phase estimation and analyzes how runtime randomization further reduces residual errors.

Findings

Finite-runtime evolutions under ±H cancel leading phase errors.

Richardson extrapolation reduces residual error to O(T^{-2}).

Runtime randomization suppresses remaining oscillatory errors to O(T^{-M}).

Abstract

In this work, we show that Berry phase estimation admits a natural and universal adiabatic error-cancellation mechanism, making it a promising candidate for practical quantum computing before full fault tolerance. Combining finite-runtime evolutions under $\pm H$ along the loop cancels the leading $O(T^{-1})$ phase error exactly, and Richardson extrapolation further reduces the residual error to an oscillatory term with endpoint-controlled coefficient $O(\|\dot H(0)\|^2\Delta(0)^{-4}T^{-2})$. Beyond this deterministic cancellation, we establish that, for suitable smooth runtime distributions, runtime randomization suppresses the remaining oscillatory contribution to $O(T^{-M})$ for any fixed $M$, leading to a randomized Hadamard-test algorithm for Berry phase estimation over the full range $[0,2\pi)$ with improved runtime scaling under standard sample complexity.