Unconventional Quantum Criticality in Long-Range Spin-1 Chains: Insights from Entanglement Entropy and Bipartite Fluctuations

TL;DR

This paper investigates the quantum phase transition in a long-range spin-1 chain, revealing an unconventional, nonconformal critical point characterized by unique entanglement and fluctuation scaling behaviors.

Contribution

It introduces an efficient quantum Monte Carlo method for large-scale simulations of long-range spin-1 chains and identifies a novel nonconformal quantum critical point with specific critical exponents.

Findings

Critical point at α_c = 2.48(2) separating gapped and gapless phases.

Transition exhibits nonconformal criticality with dynamic exponent z ≠ 1.

Universal scaling laws for entanglement entropy and bipartite fluctuations established.

Abstract

We study the ground-state phase diagram of a spin-1 Heisenberg chain with staggered long-range (LR) interactions decaying as $\propto r^{-\alpha}$ using a quantum Monte Carlo approach based on the split-spin representation. This formulation enables efficient large-scale simulations by mapping the spin-1 model onto spin-$1/2$ degrees of freedom with local projection constraints. We resolve the continuous quantum phase transition between the gapped Haldane phase at large $\alpha$ (short-range regime) and a gapless antiferromagnetically ordered N\'eel phase at small $\alpha$ (LR regime), where the continuous SU(2) symmetry is broken. From finite-size scaling and crossing point analyses, we determine the critical point to be at $\alpha_c = 2.48(2)$ and extract the associated critical exponents, which indicate unconventional criticality. In particular, the transition is found to be nonconformal, characterized by a dynamic exponent $z \neq 1$. We further analyze the scaling of entanglement entropy and bipartite fluctuations across the transition, and determine the corresponding universal scalings in both phases and at criticality.