Thermodynamics and phase transitions of nonlinearly scalarized black holes in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory

TL;DR

This paper studies the thermodynamics and phase transitions of nonlinearly scalarized black holes in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory, revealing a first-order phase transition from Schwarzschild to scalarized black holes.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed thermodynamic analysis of these scalarized black holes and characterizes their phase transition behavior.

Findings

Phase transition from Schwarzschild to scalarized black holes is first-order.

Scalarized black holes exhibit distinct thermodynamic properties.

Latent heat is non-zero during the phase transition.

Abstract

We investigate the thermodynamic properties of static nonlinearly scalarized black holes in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory with polynomial coupling functions. Based on the scalarized solutions constructed previously, we compute thermodynamical quantities of these scalarized black holes. Moreover, we examine the first law of black hole thermodynamics and consider the phase transitions between Schwarzschild and scalarized black holes. It shows that a phase transition from Schwarzschild black hole to scalarized black hole is a first-order with non-zero latent heat.