A Hybrid Gauss Markov LSTM Mobility Model for Indoor OWC

TL;DR

This paper introduces a hybrid GM-LSTM mobility model for indoor optical wireless communication that improves prediction accuracy of user movement and device orientation, enhancing system reliability.

Contribution

It combines Gauss-Markov and LSTM techniques to better model complex indoor user mobility and device orientation dynamics for OWC systems.

Findings

Outperforms traditional mobility models in prediction accuracy.

Provides more stable data rates in dynamic indoor environments.

Enhances channel estimation for indoor OWC systems.

Abstract

Optical wireless communication (OWC) has emerged as a promising candidate for future high-capacity indoor wireless networks, driven by its large unregulated spectrum, high spatial reuse, and ability to support multi-gigabit data rates. However, OWC systems are highly sensitive to user mobility, as link performance depends strongly on the spatial alignment between transmitter and receiver. Accurate modelling of user position and device orientation is therefore essential for reliable channel estimation and system evaluation. To that effect, this paper proposes a hybrid Gauss--Markov and long short-term memory (GM--LSTM) mobility model for indoor OWC environments. The Gauss--Markov component captures the temporal correlation of user motion, while the LSTM learns residual behaviour to model non-linear movement patterns and orientation dynamics. The proposed model jointly predicts user position and device orientation, enabling improved representation of mobility in OWC channels. Performance is evaluated using prediction accuracy and per-user data rate evolution. Results show that the proposed hybrid GM--LSTM model outperforms conventional Random Waypoint and Gauss--Markov models, providing more accurate mobility prediction and more stable communication performance in dynamic indoor environments.