Modelling time-order effects in haptic perception with a Bayesian dynamical framework

TL;DR

This paper presents a Bayesian dynamical model that explains time-order effects in haptic perception, capturing biases and variability in sequential stimulus discrimination through inference and internal representation updates.

Contribution

The authors introduce a novel Bayesian dynamical framework that models temporal biases in haptic perception as an inference process, providing quantitative fits and geometric insights.

Findings

Model accurately reproduces direction and magnitude of time-order effects.

Parameters describe perceptual biases via prior expectations and noise.

Perceived stimuli space is transformed, revealing symmetries not in physical stimuli.

Abstract

Perceptual judgments of sequential stimuli are systematically biased by prior expectations and by the temporal structure of sensory input. In haptic discrimination tasks, these effects often manifest as time-order asymmetries, whereby the perceived difference between two stimuli depends on their presentation order. Here, we introduce a dynamical Bayesian model that accounts for these biases by combining noisy sensory measurements with an evolving internal representation of stimulus intensity. The model formalizes perception as an inference process in which prior expectations are updated by incoming stimuli and propagate in time between observations. We test the model on psychophysical data from vibrotactile discrimination experiments, in which participants compare pairs of sequential stimuli with varying intensities. With a small number of parameters, the model quantitatively reproduces both the direction and magnitude of time-order effects across subjects, as well as the observed inter-individual variability. The inferred parameters provide a compact description of perceptual biases in terms of prior expectations and noise characteristics. Beyond fitting the data, the model induces a transformation of stimulus space, leading to a subject-dependent geometry of perceived stimuli. In this transformed space, perceptual judgments exhibit approximate symmetries that are absent in the physical stimulus coordinates. These results suggest that temporal biases in perception can be understood as a consequence of dynamical inference, and that they impose non-trivial geometric constraints on perceptual representations.