Analysis of synthetic OVI absorption associated with galaxy groups in SIMBA and TNG50 simulations

TL;DR

This study compares synthetic OVI absorption from galaxy groups in SIMBA and TNG50 simulations with observations, revealing differences in covering fractions, kinematics, and dependencies on galaxy properties, highlighting the importance of methodology in such comparisons.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed comparison of synthetic and observed OVI absorption in galaxy groups, emphasizing the impact of feedback models and analysis methods.

Findings

TNG50 has higher OVI covering fraction than SIMBA and observations.

Most absorbers in both simulations are gravitationally bound.

Strong absorbers in TNG50 are near star-forming galaxies within 200 kpc.

Abstract

We compare OVI absorption in synthetic spectra from galaxy groups in the SIMBA and TNG50 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations against those observed from the COS-IGrM survey. We select 14 galaxy groups from each simulation with $12.89 \le \log(M_{\rm halo}/M_\odot) \le 13.61$, closely matching COS-IGrM, and create 90,000 synthetic spectra per group. We demonstrate the utility of synthetic absorption spectroscopy when comparing simulations with QSO absorption-based observations. We investigate absorber properties such as radial distributions and kinematics with respect to the group and nearest galaxy. The OVI covering fraction ($f_{\rm OVI}$) in TNG50 ($20.62 \pm 2.56\%$) and SIMBA ($5.98 \pm 0.82\%$) are both systematically lower than COS-IGrM ($44 \pm 5\%$). Kinematic analysis reveals that vast majority ($\sim 95\%$) of absorbers in both the simulations are gravitationally bound. In TNG50, strong absorbers ($\log N_{\rm OVI} > 15$) are located near star-forming galaxies ($\log {\rm sSFR} > -11$) within $\sim 200$kpc, suggesting physical connection to stellar feedback, whereas SIMBA shows no comparable trend. Furthermore, in TNG50 occurrence of OVI absorbers at small impact parameters increases with stellar mass of nearest galaxy, but shows no dependence on total stellar mass of group. In contrast, SIMBA shows no clear correlation with nearest galaxy's stellar mass, though groups with higher total stellar mass exhibit higher detection rate at larger impact parameters. Differences observed in simulations may arise from feedback models and resolution effects. Finally, we show absorber analysis methodology is important factor when comparing simulations with absorption spectroscopy observations.