Floquet engineering of spin-spin interactions in a hybrid atomic system

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how Floquet engineering can dynamically control and tune spin-spin interactions in a hybrid atomic system, enabling suppression or enhancement without changing intrinsic properties.

Contribution

The authors introduce a method to control spin-exchange interactions via parametric modulation, supported by a theoretical model and experimental validation.

Findings

Periodic modulation leads to a Bessel-function-dependent renormalization of interactions.

Interaction strength can be continuously tuned or suppressed.

The mechanism is applicable for precision measurements and quantum memories.

Abstract

We demonstrate dynamical control of the effective spin-spin interaction, dominated by Fermi-contact interaction, in a hybrid spin system via parametric modulation. We show that, in an alkali-noble-gas comagnetometer, periodic modulation of the direction of the electron spin polarization with respect to the nuclear polarization leads to a Floquet-induced renormalization of the spin-exchange coupling, governed by a zeroth-order Bessel function. This effect enables continuous tuning and suppression of the effective interaction strength without altering the intrinsic properties of the system. We develop a theoretical model that supports the experimental measurements. The results establish a general mechanism for controlling interaction strengths in hybrid atomic systems and provide new opportunities for precision measurements and quantum memories.