$0-\pi$ transitions in non-Hermitian magnetic Josephson junctions

TL;DR

This paper investigates how non-Hermitian effects, such as dissipation and magnetic field orientation, influence the $0- ext{ extpi}$ transition in magnetic Josephson junctions, revealing new control mechanisms.

Contribution

It introduces an effective non-Hermitian model to analyze $0- ext{ extpi}$ transitions, showing how dissipation and magnetic angle can be used to control the transition.

Findings

Dissipation shifts the $0- ext{ extpi}$ transition to higher magnetic fields.

The relative angle between magnetic field and magnetization can induce the transition.

Complex eigenvalues of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian explain the transition behavior.

Abstract

We study the transport properties of non-Hermitian magnetic Josephson junctions, considering a superconductor-quantum dot-superconductor device coupled to a ferromagnetic metallic reservoir in the presence of an external magnetic field. We focus on the $0-\pi$ transitions that occur when the equilibrium phase difference between the superconductors shifts from $\phi=0$ to $\phi=\pi$ upon increasing the magnetic field amplitude. The coupling to the environment induces spin-dependent dissipation and leads to the broadening of the junction Andreev levels. By combining Green's function calculations with an effective non-Hermitian description restricted to the sub-gap Andreev quasi-bound states, we show that dissipation shifts the $0-\pi$ transition to higher magnetic fields. Remarkably, also the relative angle between the applied field and the reservoir magnetization can be used to drive the transition, at fixed field magnitude. We demonstrate that this effect can be entirely ascribed to the behavior of the complex eigenvalues of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. These findings highlight non-Hermiticity as a resource that can introduce new control knobs for engineering the current-phase relation in superconducting junctions.