A newly born spider system at the core of a radio shell: Evidence for a low-energy supernova

TL;DR

This paper presents evidence that a faint radio shell and central source are remnants of a low-energy supernova, likely forming a young neutron star and a nascent spider-type X-ray binary.

Contribution

It provides the first evidence linking a low-energy supernova remnant with a nascent spider-type X-ray binary, based on multi-wavelength observations and analysis.

Findings

The radio shell G289.6+5.8 is a supernova remnant from a low-energy explosion.

The central source is a young neutron star interacting with an M-type companion.

The system is a nascent spider-type X-ray binary.

Abstract

In a search for low surface brightness radio nebulae using the ASKAP-EMU survey, we discovered a faint radio shell, G289.6+5.8, and its central point radio source at the position of the soft gamma-ray source IGR J11187-5438. The central radio source is spatially coincident with a previously known low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) with an M-type donor star. However, the newly determined Gaia DR3 distance of 267 pc and correspondingly low X-ray luminosity (3 x 10e31 erg/s) cast doubt on the LMXB classification. Neither radio nor X-ray pulsations are detected. Chance-alignments between radio shell, central radio source, optical star, gamma-ray, and X-ray sources appear unlikely. By combining all currently available evidence, we conclude that G289.6+5.8 is a remnant of a low-energy core-collapse explosion of an intermediate mass star (~8Msun) in a binary system with an M-type secondary, which remained bound after the explosion. In this scenario, G289.6+5.8 is a supernova remnant, while the central gamma- and X-ray source is associated with a young neutron star driving a pulsar wind interacting with its M-type stellar companion, making IGR J11187-5438 a nascent spider-type X-ray binary.