Preparation and detection of quasiparticles for quantum simulations of scattering

TL;DR

The paper presents a novel method for preparing and detecting quasiparticle wave packets in quantum lattice theories, enabling detailed analysis of scattering and resonances.

Contribution

It introduces a new algorithm using maximally localized Wannier functions for species-resolved quasiparticle wave-packet manipulation in interacting quantum systems.

Findings

Successfully detects scattering outputs in matrix product state simulations.

Identifies mass resonances in a hardcore Hamiltonian QCD model.

Enables separation of quasiparticle contributions from unknown resonances.

Abstract

We introduce a method for the selective preparation and detection of quasiparticle wave packets, based on creation operators that generate dressed, localized excitations on top of interacting vacua of (quasi-)one-dimensional quantum lattice theories. This method exploits maximally localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) constructed from quasiparticle bands at intermediate system sizes, enabling the construction of unitary local dressed creation operators. The algorithm allows for species-resolved wave-packet preparation and detection, enabling the separation of known quasiparticle contributions from unknown resonances. We test this approach with matrix product states (MPS) on pure hardcore Hamiltonian QCD on a ladder lattice, detecting scattering outputs and mass resonances.