Environmental Control of Self-Aligning Chiral Bristlebots

TL;DR

This study introduces an experimental platform for controlling and analyzing chiral active matter using augmented bristlebots, revealing how geometry and chirality influence collective behaviors and transport properties.

Contribution

It develops a versatile experimental setup with a theoretical model to study chiral active particles and demonstrates geometric control of their collective dynamics and transport.

Findings

Edge current stability depends on particle chirality and edge handedness.

A nautilus-shaped obstacle acts as a chirality-sensitive ratchet.

Linked assemblies exhibit spontaneous mode-switching between translation and rotation.

Abstract

Active matter systems characterized by the interplay of chirality and self-alignment offer a rich landscape for the emergence of non-equilibrium collective behaviors and the development of autonomous materials. We present a versatile experimental platform for studying these dynamics using augmented commercial bristlebots, where custom-designed housings and elastic couplings induce a self-aligning torque and a stable chiral drift. By mapping experimental trajectories to a Langevin-type model, we characterize the single-particle dynamics. In circular geometries, we show that the stability of edge currents is governed by the interaction between intrinsic particle chirality and handedness of the edge current. Furthermore, we demonstrate that transport can be geometrically rectified using a nautilus-shaped obstacle, which acts as a doubly chirality-sensitive ratchet. Finally, we explore the collective dynamics of rigidly linked assemblies, observing spontaneous mode-switching between translational and rotational states in triangular active solids. Our results provide a robust framework for the passive control of active gases and illustrate how geometric constraints can be used to program complex transport properties in synthetic active systems.