Correlation between Ultra-High-Energy Neutrino KM3-230213A and Gamma-Ray Bursts

TL;DR

This study investigates potential correlations between the highest-energy neutrino detected by KM3NeT and gamma-ray bursts, considering uncertainties and Lorentz invariance violation to understand their astrophysical origins.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of correlations between a high-energy neutrino and all plausible GRBs, incorporating uncertainties and LV scale calculations for the first time.

Findings

Identified a larger set of GRBs correlated with the neutrino event.

Computed Lorentz violation scales for each associated GRB.

Enhanced robustness by accounting for redshift and energy uncertainties.

Abstract

The KM3NeT Collaboration reported the detection of a neutrino, designated as KM3-230213A, with a reconstructed energy peaking at 220 PeV and equatorial coordinates (J2000) of RA=$94.3\degree$ and Dec=$-7.8\degree$. As the highest-energy neutrino event documented to date, its astrophysical origin remains unascertained. Prior preliminary investigations have probed potential associations between this neutrino event and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), factoring in the possibility of Lorentz invariance violation (LV). In this study, we perform a comprehensive analysis to explore correlations between KM3-230213A and all viable GRBs. We explicitly account for the angular uncertainties intrinsic to both the neutrino event and the respective GRBs. Our analysis identifies a larger set of correlated GRBs. For each associated GRB, we compute the LV scale, integrating uncertainties from redshift measurements and neutrino energy determinations to enhance the robustness of our findings.