A note on the Sobolev--Escobar bridge inequality

TL;DR

This paper investigates the local stability of the Sobolev--Escobar bridge inequality's minimizers, establishing a quadratic stability estimate away from the Escobar threshold in a specific functional setting.

Contribution

It proves a quadratic stability inequality for the bridge family of minimizers, except at the critical Escobar threshold, advancing understanding of stability in this geometric inequality.

Findings

Established a stability inequality with a positive constant \\alpha_T for T \\neq T_E.

Proved the inequality holds with an explicit quadratic form involving the distance to minimizers.

Identified the Escobar threshold T_E as a critical point where stability behavior changes.

Abstract

In this note, we study the local stability of the bridge family \[ \Phi(T):=\inf_{u\in\mathcal A_T}\|\nabla u\|_{L^2(\mathbb R^n_+)}, \qquad T>0,\quad n\ge3, \] where \[ \mathcal A_T := \Bigl\{ u\in \dot H^1(\mathbb R^n_+): \|u\|_{L^{\frac{2n}{n-2}}(\mathbb{R}_{+}^n)}=1,\ \|u\|_{L^{\frac{2(n-1)}{n-2}}(\partial\mathbb{R}_{+}^n)}=T \Bigr\}, \] and \(\dot H^1(\mathbb R^n_+)\) is the completion of \(C_c^\infty(\overline{\mathbb R^n_+})\) in the norm \(\|\nabla \varphi\|_{L^2(\mathbb R^n_+)}\). Let \(\mathcal M_T\) denote the set of minimizers of \(\Phi(T)\). We prove that, for every \(T\neq T_E\), there exists \(\alpha_T>0\) such that \[ \|\nabla u\|_{L^2(\mathbb{R}_{+}^n)}^2-\Phi(T)^2 \ge \alpha_T\,d_T(u,\mathcal M_T)^2 +o\!\bigl(d_T(u,\mathcal M_T)^2\bigr) \qquad\text{for all }u\in\mathcal A_T, \] where \(T_E\) is the Escobar threshold and \(d_T\) is the distance in \(\dot H^1(\mathbb R^n_+)\).