Notes on some inequalities, resulting uncertainty relations and correlations. 1. General mathematical formalism

TL;DR

This paper explores mathematical inequalities like Schwarz and Jensen inequalities and their applications in deriving and analyzing generalized quantum uncertainty relations for multiple non-commuting observables, highlighting their connection to correlations.

Contribution

It introduces new generalized uncertainty relations for multiple observables and links these to correlation measures like Pearson coefficients in quantum systems.

Findings

Derived generalized uncertainty relations for more than two observables.

Analyzed properties and critical points of these relations.

Connected uncertainty relations with quantum correlations and Pearson coefficients.

Abstract

We analyze the Schwarz inequality and its generalizations, as well as inequalities resulting from the Jensen inequality. They are used in quantum theory to derive the Heisenberg-Robertson (HR) and Schroedinger-Robertson (SR) uncertainty relation for two non-commuting observables and their generalizations to three or more non-commuting observables. Jensen's inequality, in turn, is helpful in deriving various the "sum uncertainty relations" for two or more observables. Using these inequalities, we derive various types of generalized uncertainty relations for more than two non--commuting observables and analyze their properties and critical points. We also study the connections between the generalizations of the HR and SR uncertainty relations for two and more observables and the correlations of these observables in the state of the quantum system under study. In this analysis, we pay special attention to the consequences of the generalized SR uncertainty relation for three non--commuting observables on their correlations in a given state of a quantum system and to the connections of this relation with the appropriate correlation matrix, whose matrix elements are the quantum versions of the Pearson coefficient. We show also that the SR uncertainty relation (including the generalized ones) can be written in an equivalent way using these Pearson coefficients.