Neutron Reconstruction via Blips in Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers

TL;DR

This study demonstrates the potential of using isolated energy deposits, called blips, in liquid argon detectors to identify and reconstruct neutrons in neutrino interactions, improving analysis capabilities.

Contribution

It introduces a simulation-based proof-of-concept method for neutron reconstruction in LArTPCs using blip signals, a novel approach in neutrino physics analysis.

Findings

Neutrons can be identified via MeV-scale blips in LArTPC data.

Reconstruction of neutron direction and energy is feasible with current simulation methods.

Using blip attributes can enhance neutrino interaction studies, such as neutrino-antineutrino separation.

Abstract

Neutrons are important final-state particles in neutrino interactions, yet they are not considered or reconstructed in most current neutrino LArTPC physics analyses. In this paper, we present a simulation-based proof-of-concept study of neutron reconstruction in a generic LArTPC detector. Leveraging isolated, MeV-scale energy deposits, or blips, from neutron inelastic scattering, and using realistic blip response from published experimental results, we demonstrate the capability to identify neutrons and to reconstruct the direction and energy of the final-state neutron system in sub-GeV neutrino interactions. We then explore how neutron-related blip attributes can be used to improve physics studies of neutrino interactions, such as enhancing neutrino-antineutrino separation in atmospheric neutrinos and reverse-horn-current beam neutrinos. This simple study provides an initial quantification of LArTPC neutron reconstruction capabilities, which we expect to improve with future advancements in blip reconstruction, identification, and classification algorithms, as well as the modeling of neutrons.